The proposed presentation will discuss the positive impact of adopting an integrated, customizable inspection, maintenance, and repair approach when addressing subsea assets.Primary focus and expenditure is typically committed to the design, planning, and engineering of infrastructure. Of paramount importance, but often overlooked are the ongoing health checks required of the subsea assets. These activities are regularly left until an issue is identified, production is affected, or there is a subsea asset data required to enable proactive decision making to ensure the lowest level of risk and maximum uptime.
The presentation will detail how the operations and maintenance approach used for subsea assets is best addressed using an integrated philosophy that streamlines contract management and the collection and analysis of data. By supporting a more holistic view of assets not only by field, but regionally and globally, operators are best positioned to apply advanced technologies including machine learning for the development of risk based inspection programs.
Developing optimized inspection, maintenance, and repair programs also reduces vessel days by leveraging already deployed assets to complete varied inspection tasks simultaneous to other ongoing operations, lowering emissions and risk associated with mobilizations and personnel on board.
The presentation will also discuss the impact of optimized inspection planning on users’ in-house resources. With internal experts dealing with IMR planning, analysis, and data management often stretched, the burden associated with planning and clearing backlogs that manage risk can be alleviated.

Esso Australia is developing a carbon capture and storage (CCS) project in East Gippsland, Victoria. The project aims to re-purpose existing infrastructure and offshore depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs to store CO2. One option would be to convert part of the onshore section of an existing gas pipeline for dense phase CO2 service.
This paper documents the technical evaluations undertaken, with particular emphasis on corrosion, Brittle and Fracture Control considerations. This included an initial literature review against existing global standards and latest industry research.
Following the literature review, a HYSIS model was developed to review anticipated temperatures that could be experienced in the event of a dense phase CO2 loss of containment. This was used for relative comparison against a typical gaseous hydrocarbon failure. Brittle and ductile fracture considerations were evaluated using latest industry knowledge, which included DNVGL-RP-F104 assessment methodologies and critiques against the current Battelle-Two Curve Methodology (BTCM) limitations. Finally, an evaluation was made against the potential for brittle-to-ductile fracture concerns that may be applicable to CO2 pipelines.
The evaluation outcome determined the pipeline is not recommended for re-use for dense phase CO2 transport for the SEA CCS Phase 1 project based on fracture control considerations, and project regulatory and schedule drivers, providing clarity to the Project team as they progressed front end engineering design.
The evaluation may be useful in assessment of existing hydrocarbon pipelines for CO2 service conversion, as well as potential further research into brittle-to-ductile fracture mechanics considerations regarding pipelines in gaseous and dense phase CO2 service.

Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) techniques, such as polymer flooding, have gained significant attention as a means to maximize hydrocarbon extraction from reservoirs.
The success of polymer flooding is intricately tied to the complex interplay between fluid properties, reservoir heterogeneity, and injection strategies.
It is admitted in classical modeling methodlogies, to account for the mobility ratio in polymer flooding by scaling it with the help of the shear rate in situ.
The accuracy of shear assessment is therefore ruling the mobility of oil and the gobal process efficicny.
Using approahces of Chauveteau, Canella and CMG, a raltion to pore radius, rate, porosity, tortuosity is assumed including also an admienseional paramet called shape factor, specific to each author.
When lab mesurement are available, it is possible to eadjust this value as to match shear rate recorded from rheomoter at feeding stage, ahead of the core.
The authors study in the present paper the consequence of not perfomning this stage in the case of a core flood, then in a pilot simualtion.
It is expected an alteration of the Recovery factor.
The amplitude shall results from the coupling between pore-scale effects and reservoir-scale response, induced by geological constraints as reservoir layers productivity, aquifer response, multiphase dynamics.
Relative effect and influence of paramters will be qutnified, commented and discussed.

A South-eastern Australia operator wanted to explore options for wireline conveyed sand bailing in one of their offshore platform gas producing wells. The objective was to remove twenty-six meters of sand fill inside 9.625” production casing, with an internal diameter of 8.681”. Due to the landing nipple at the end of the tubing, the minimum run-in-hole restriction of the production tubing string was 3.987”.
To limit the number of clean-out runs, the latest technology in e-line deployed suction tools with a 4.25” OD was chosen, which provided increased recovery volume over its smaller cousins, plus real-time surface control and monitoring. Because of the tool’s overall diameter, the landing nipple also required milling to allow access. Therefore, a specially designed 4.412” mill bit was manufactured and run on a milling tool – a tool requiring tractor conveyance to provide weight-on-bit and counter the reactive torque.
The e-line deployed milling technology successfully milled through the landing nipple, thus increasing the internal diameter sufficiently to allow access for the clean-out toolstring. The clean-out tool was configured with three bailer sections (seven max) for the first run, to determine sand recovery optimisation. Three different sizes of micron bailer filters are provided; prior knowledge of debris particle size is therefore advantageous. Seventeen bailing runs were conducted over five days (with the number of bailer sections increased to six), successfully recovering a total of 918 litres of sand, equating to about 2.4 tons. Ultimately, the process enabled perforation of two additional gas zones to increase production.